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第一步创建数据备份目录并赋权mkdir /u01/backupchown oracle:oinstall /u01/backup第二步执行打开rmanrman target /输入指令集大型数据库也可写入.sh脚本、后台执行run {allocate channel ch1 type disk;allocate channel ch2 type disk;# 全库备份压缩格式backup as compressed backupset databaseformat /u01/backup/full_%d_full_%T_%U.bak;# 备份控制文件backup current controlfileformat /u01/backup/ctl_%d_full_%T_%U.bak;# 备份所有归档日志并删除已备份的日志backup archivelog all delete inputformat /u01/backup/arch_%d_full_%T_%U.bak;release channel ch1;release channel ch2;}第三步将源库文件scp -r 到新服务器例如scp -r /u01/backup/ root192.168.1.1:/u01/第四步恢复参数文件后启动到nomount;第五步恢复控制文件restore controlfile from /u01/backup/ctl_ORCL_full_20260717_da4tf19k_1_1.bak;第六步恢复数据文件6.1数据路径没变化CATALOG START WITH /u01/backup/;RUN {RESTORE DATABASE;SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;}6.2需要改变数据路径例如RUN {SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 TO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf;SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 TO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf;SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 TO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1.dbf;RESTORE DATABASE;SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;}第六步应用日志异机允许丢失恢复例如recover database until sequence 142 thread 1;thread 1可以不加RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL SCN 2128296;第七步启动至OpenALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS; -- 因为是异机恢复通常需要RESETLOGS第八步验证sql命令alter system switch logfile;rman命令crosscheck archivelog all;delete expired archivelog all;第九步数据备份一次 ORACLE数据库脚本备份与恢复
第一步创建数据备份目录并赋权mkdir /u01/backupchown oracle:oinstall /u01/backup第二步执行打开rmanrman target /输入指令集大型数据库也可写入.sh脚本、后台执行run {allocate channel ch1 type disk;allocate channel ch2 type disk;# 全库备份压缩格式backup as compressed backupset databaseformat /u01/backup/full_%d_full_%T_%U.bak;# 备份控制文件backup current controlfileformat /u01/backup/ctl_%d_full_%T_%U.bak;# 备份所有归档日志并删除已备份的日志backup archivelog all delete inputformat /u01/backup/arch_%d_full_%T_%U.bak;release channel ch1;release channel ch2;}第三步将源库文件scp -r 到新服务器例如scp -r /u01/backup/ root192.168.1.1:/u01/第四步恢复参数文件后启动到nomount;第五步恢复控制文件restore controlfile from /u01/backup/ctl_ORCL_full_20260717_da4tf19k_1_1.bak;第六步恢复数据文件6.1数据路径没变化CATALOG START WITH /u01/backup/;RUN {RESTORE DATABASE;SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;}6.2需要改变数据路径例如RUN {SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 TO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf;SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 TO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf;SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 TO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1.dbf;RESTORE DATABASE;SWITCH DATAFILE ALL;}第六步应用日志异机允许丢失恢复例如recover database until sequence 142 thread 1;thread 1可以不加RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL SCN 2128296;第七步启动至OpenALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS; -- 因为是异机恢复通常需要RESETLOGS第八步验证sql命令alter system switch logfile;rman命令crosscheck archivelog all;delete expired archivelog all;第九步数据备份一次